{"id":402,"date":"2026-10-27T18:58:47","date_gmt":"2026-10-27T15:58:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mtms.com.eg\/index.php\/2026\/10\/27\/strategic-planning-steps\/"},"modified":"2026-10-30T15:19:05","modified_gmt":"2026-10-30T13:19:05","slug":"strategic-planning-steps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mtms.com.eg\/index.php\/2026\/10\/27\/strategic-planning-steps\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a: \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<script>(function(){function s(){var home=null,tr=[];document.querySelectorAll('a.menu-link').forEach(function(a){var h=a.getAttribute('href')||'';if(\/\\\/trainers\\\/?$\/.test(h))tr.push(a);else if(!home&&\/^https?:\\\/\\\/[^\\\/]+(\\\/index\\.php)?\\\/?$\/.test(h))home=a});if(!home)return;var ar=\/[\u0600-\u06ff]\/.test(home.textContent);tr.forEach(function(a){var t=ar?'\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646':'Trainers';if(a.textContent!==t)a.textContent=t})}s();document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',s);new MutationObserver(s).observe(document.body,{childList:true,subtree:true,characterData:true})})();<\/script>\n\n<style>.single-post .entry-header,.single-post .entry-content,.single-post .entry-title,.single-post .post-navigation{direction:rtl;text-align:right}.single-post .entry-content{font-size:18px;line-height:2;color:#1f2937}.single-post .entry-content h2{color:#0B2F9F;border-right:4px solid #7B2FF7;padding-right:12px;margin-top:2em}.single-post .entry-content h3{color:#0B2F9F;margin-top:1.5em}.single-post .entry-content ul,.single-post .entry-content ol{padding-right:1.5em;padding-left:0}.single-post .entry-content img{display:block}.single-post 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.mtms-author{background:#0B2F9F;color:#fff;border-radius:10px;padding:18px 22px;margin-top:32px;line-height:1.9}.single-post .mtms-author a{color:#19E6C9}<\/style>\n\n\n\n<style>.single-post .entry-content h2,.single-post .entry-content h3,.mtms-en h2,.mtms-en h3{color:#1B2A4A!important}.single-post .entry-content h2{border-right-color:#C9A227!important}.mtms-en h2{border-left-color:#C9A227!important}.single-post .mtms-box{background:#faf6e6!important;border-color:#ecdca0!important;border-right-color:#C9A227!important}.mtms-en .mtms-box{border-right-color:#ecdca0!important;border-left-color:#C9A227!important}.single-post .mtms-toc,.mtms-en .mtms-toc{background:#eef1f7!important}.single-post .entry-content th,.mtms-en th{background:#1B2A4A!important}.single-post .mtms-author,.mtms-en .mtms-author{background:#1B2A4A!important}.single-post .mtms-author a,.mtms-en .mtms-author a{color:#E6C75A!important}<\/style>\n<p class='mtms-meta'>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f: MTMS Global \u00b7 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b: 27\/10\/2026 \u00b7 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629: 8 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u00b7 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/p>\n\n<div class='mtms-box'><h2>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635<\/h2><p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u062a\u064a (SMART) \u0648(OKR)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628.<\/p><p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p><\/div>\n\n<nav class='mtms-toc' aria-label='\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629'><h2>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/h2><ol><li><a href='#intro'>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href='#what'>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/a><\/li><li><a href='#steps'>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href='#template'>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href='#example'>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a<\/a><\/li><li><a href='#mistakes'>\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href='#conclusion'>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/li><li><a href='#faq'>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/a><\/li><li><a href='#refs'>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n\n<h2 class='wp-block-heading' id='intro'>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0638. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631: \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class='wp-block-heading' id='what'>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a (Strategic Planning) \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u061b \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 <a href='https:\/\/mtms.com.eg\/index.php\/2026\/10\/27\/what-is-strategic-management\/'>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u064a\u062d\u0630\u0651\u0631 Mintzberg (1994) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class='wp-block-heading' id='steps'>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class='wp-block-heading'>1. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 (\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class='wp-block-heading'>2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 (PESTEL) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 (SWOT). \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0637 Rumelt (2011) \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class='wp-block-heading'>3. \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 (Vision) \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Mission) \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 (Values) \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class='wp-block-heading'>4. \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 (Locke &#038; Latham, 2002). \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 (SMART)\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0645\u0646 (Doran, 1981). \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 (OKR) \u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 (Doerr, 2018).<\/p>\n\n<h3 class='wp-block-heading'>5. \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0631\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0631 Porter (1996) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064b.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class='wp-block-heading'>6. \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 (KPI) \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 (Kaplan &#038; Norton, 1996).<\/p>\n\n<h3 class='wp-block-heading'>7. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class='wp-block-heading' id='template'>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n\n<table><thead><tr><th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0647<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635<\/td><td>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u061f<\/td><td>\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645<\/td><td>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062e\u062f\u0645\u061f<\/td><td>\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0644<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641<\/td><td>\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0649\u061f<\/td><td>\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 (SMART)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u061f<\/td><td>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644: \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u061f<\/td><td>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629\u061f<\/td><td>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647<\/td><td>\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u061f<\/td><td>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n<h2 class='wp-block-heading' id='example'>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629. \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n<table><thead><tr><th>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/th><th>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635<\/td><td>\u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a 70% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641<\/td><td>\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 70% \u0625\u0644\u0649 50% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 24 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 1<\/td><td>\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643: \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 2<\/td><td>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 10 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643: \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td><td>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a (\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f (\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647<\/td><td>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n<h2 class='wp-block-heading' id='mistakes'>\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629<\/h2>\n\n<ul class='wp-block-list'><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u00ab\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u00bb \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641.<\/li><li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f.<\/li><li><strong>\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644.<\/li><li><strong>\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642.<\/li><li><strong>\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629:<\/strong> \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n<h2 class='wp-block-heading' id='conclusion'>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n\n<ol class='wp-block-list'><li>\u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0647\u062f\u0641.<\/li><li>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 (SMART).<\/li><li>\u0623\u0633\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li><li>\u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647.<\/li><li>\u062b\u0628\u0651\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n<h2 class='wp-block-heading' id='faq'>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class='wp-block-heading'>\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class='wp-block-heading'>\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0641\u0630\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class='wp-block-heading'>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 SMART \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 OKR\u061f<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 (SMART) \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d. \u0623\u0645\u0627 (OKR) \u0641\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627: (SMART) \u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648(OKR) \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class='wp-block-heading'>\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 MTMS Global <a href='https:\/\/mtms.com.eg\/index.php\/consulting\/'>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648<a href='https:\/\/mtms.com.eg\/index.php\/training\/'>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627 <a href='https:\/\/mtms.com.eg\/index.php\/2026\/10\/27\/professional-project-management\/'>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/a>. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 <a href=\"https:\/\/mtms.com.eg\/index.php\/contact-us\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627<\/a> \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0643.<\/p>\n\n<div id='refs' class='mtms-refs'><h2 style='direction:rtl;text-align:right'>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/h2><p>Doerr, J. (2018). <em>Measure what matters: How Google, Bono, and the Gates Foundation rock the world with OKRs<\/em>. Portfolio\/Penguin.<\/p><p>Doran, G. T. (1981). There&#8217;s a S.M.A.R.T. way to write management&#8217;s goals and objectives. <em>Management Review, 70<\/em>(11), 35\u201336.<\/p><p>Kaplan, R. S., &amp; Norton, D. P. (1996). Using the balanced scorecard as a strategic management system. <em>Harvard Business Review, 74<\/em>(1), 75\u201385.<\/p><p>Locke, E. A., &amp; Latham, G. P. (2002). Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: A 35-year odyssey. <em>American Psychologist, 57<\/em>(9), 705\u2013717.<\/p><p>Mintzberg, H. (1994). <em>The rise and fall of strategic planning<\/em>. Free Press.<\/p><p>Porter, M. E. (1996). What is strategy? <em>Harvard Business Review, 74<\/em>(6), 61\u201378.<\/p><p>Rumelt, R. P. (2011). <em>Good strategy\/bad strategy: The difference and why it matters<\/em>. Crown Business.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.mtms-langbar{direction:ltr;display:flex;justify-content:flex-end;margin:0 0 14px}.mtms-langbar button{font-family:inherit;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;cursor:pointer;border:2px solid #C9A227;background:#1B2A4A;color:#fff;border-radius:8px;padding:8px 18px;line-height:1.4}.mtms-langbar button:hover{background:#C9A227;color:#1B2A4A}.mtms-en{display:none}body.mtms-lang-en .entry-content>*:not(.mtms-en):not(.mtms-langbar){display:none!important}body.mtms-lang-en .mtms-en{display:block;direction:ltr;text-align:left;font-size:18px;line-height:1.9;color:#1f2937}body.mtms-lang-en.single-post .entry-header,body.mtms-lang-en.single-post .entry-content,body.mtms-lang-en.single-post .entry-title,body.mtms-lang-en.single-post .post-navigation{direction:ltr;text-align:left}.mtms-en h2{color:#0B2F9F;border-left:4px solid #7B2FF7;padding-left:12px;margin-top:2em}.mtms-en h3{color:#0B2F9F;margin-top:1.5em}.mtms-en ul,.mtms-en ol{padding-left:1.5em;padding-right:0}.mtms-en .mtms-meta{font-size:14px;color:#6b7280;border-bottom:1px solid #e5e7eb;padding-bottom:12px;margin-bottom:20px}.mtms-en .mtms-box{background:#f3f0ff;border:1px solid #d9ccff;border-left:5px solid #7B2FF7;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0}.mtms-en .mtms-box h2,.mtms-en .mtms-toc h2{margin-top:0;border:0;padding:0;font-size:1.15em}.mtms-en .mtms-toc{background:#eef4ff;border-radius:8px;padding:16px 20px;margin:24px 0}.mtms-en .mtms-toc ol{margin:0}.mtms-en table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:20px 0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.7}.mtms-en th{background:#0B2F9F;color:#fff;padding:10px;text-align:left}.mtms-en td{border:1px solid #e5e7eb;padding:10px;vertical-align:top}.mtms-en .mtms-refs p{padding-left:2em;text-indent:-2em;font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;margin:0 0 .8em}.mtms-en .mtms-author{background:#0B2F9F;color:#fff;border-radius:10px;padding:18px 22px;margin-top:32px;line-height:1.8}.mtms-en .mtms-author a{color:#19E6C9}.mtms-en .mtms-share{direction:ltr;text-align:left;border-right:1px solid #e3e7ef;border-left:4px solid #C9A227}.mtms-en .mtms-share a{margin:0 8px 8px 0}.mtms-en p,.mtms-en li,.mtms-en h2,.mtms-en h3,.mtms-en td,.mtms-en th{direction:ltr;text-align:left}<\/style>\n<div class=\"mtms-en\" data-title=\"Strategic Planning: Steps for Preparing the Organization&#8217;s Strategic Plan\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<p class=\"mtms-meta\">By MTMS Global \u00b7 Last updated: 27\/10\/2026 \u00b7 Reading time: 8 minutes \u00b7 Category: Strategic Planning<\/p>\n<div class=\"mtms-box\"><h2>Summary<\/h2><p>This article sets out the steps for preparing an organization&#8217;s strategic plan in seven sequential stages: defining scope and governance, analysis, formulating the vision, mission and values, setting goals in the SMART and OKR formats, selecting initiatives and ranking their priority, linking the budget to indicators, and then periodic review. It includes a practical table and a hypothetical example from the training sector.<\/p><p><strong>Keywords:<\/strong> strategic planning, strategic plan, SMART goals, objectives and key results, performance indicators.<\/p><\/div>\n<nav class=\"mtms-toc\" aria-label=\"Table of contents\"><h2>Contents<\/h2><ol><li><a href=\"#en-intro\">Introduction<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#en-what\">What strategic planning means<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#en-steps\">Steps for preparing the strategic plan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#en-template\">The plan&#8217;s components in one document<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#en-example\">An illustrative example<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#en-mistakes\">Common mistakes in preparing the plan<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#en-conclusion\">Conclusion and recommendations<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#en-faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#en-refs\">References<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/nav>\n<h2 id=\"en-intro\">Introduction<\/h2>\n<p>In many organizations the strategic plan is a document prepared once a year and then filed away. The reason is usually that preparation focused on wording rather than on decisions: general goals, no owner, no budget, and no review date. This article presents a practical sequence that turns the plan into a management tool used weekly.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"en-what\">What strategic planning means<\/h2>\n<p>Strategic planning is the process of formulating long-term goals, the initiatives and the resources needed to achieve them. It is a component within strategic management, which adds to it continuous analysis, governance of execution and course adjustment; we explained this relationship in the article <a href=\"https:\/\/mtms.com.eg\/index.php\/2026\/10\/27\/what-is-strategic-management\/\">Strategic management: concept, stages and core models<\/a> (Arabic).<\/p>\n<p>Mintzberg (1994) warns that formal planning does not by itself produce strategy, because it rests on analysis and decomposition, whereas strategy requires synthesis and judgment. For that reason the steps below begin with a diagnosis, not with a ready-made template.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"en-steps\">Steps for preparing the strategic plan<\/h2>\n<h3>1. Define scope and governance<\/h3>\n<p>Set the plan&#8217;s horizon (three years, for example), who takes part in preparing it, who approves it, and who follows its execution. In a small organization a committee of three to five people chaired by the top decision-maker is enough. This step records a timetable for completing the plan and the date of its first review.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Analysis<\/h3>\n<p>Gather actual performance data for previous years, then analyze the external environment with a tool such as PESTEL analysis and the internal environment with a tool such as SWOT analysis. Rumelt (2011) requires the analysis to end with a diagnosis that names the core challenge, because a list of factors is not enough to make a decision.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Formulate the vision, mission and values<\/h3>\n<p>The vision describes the desired situation at the end of the horizon, the mission describes what the organization does and for whom, and the values set out the behaviors acceptable in decision-making. The practical test of good wording is whether management can use it to turn down an opportunity that does not fit.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Set the goals<\/h3>\n<p>Studies of performance motivation support specific, difficult goals compared with vague or easy ones (Locke &amp; Latham, 2002). The SMART criteria are usually used: specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound (Doran, 1981). Objectives and Key Results (OKR) can be used to translate the strategic goal into measurable quarterly results (Doerr, 2018).<\/p>\n<h3>5. Select initiatives and rank priorities<\/h3>\n<p>Each goal gets one or more initiatives, ranked by two criteria: expected effect on the goal, and effort required. High-impact, low-effort initiatives go first, and a ceiling is set on the number of simultaneous initiatives according to the team&#8217;s capacity. Porter (1996) holds that strategic choice includes deciding what the organization will not do, so postponed or cancelled initiatives are recorded explicitly.<\/p>\n<h3>6. Link the budget and indicators<\/h3>\n<p>The annual budget is tied to the initiatives, not to historical spending lines, and each goal gets a key performance indicator (KPI), a target and a measurement frequency. Indicators can be organized under four perspectives: financial, customer, internal processes, and learning and growth, following the Balanced Scorecard (Kaplan &amp; Norton, 1996).<\/p>\n<h3>7. Review and adjust<\/h3>\n<p>Set a monthly meeting to review the indicators and an annual meeting to review the assumptions on which the plan was built. Record the adjustment decisions and their reasons, so that review does not turn into rewriting the goals every time execution stumbles.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"en-template\">The plan&#8217;s components in one document<\/h2>\n<p>The following table summarizes the minimum elements that a plan document should contain, with the question each one answers.<\/p>\n<table><thead><tr><th>Element<\/th><th>The question it answers<\/th><th>Suggested format<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Diagnosis<\/td><td>What is the core challenge we face?<\/td><td>One page<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Vision, mission and values<\/td><td>Where are we heading, and whom do we serve?<\/td><td>Three to five sentences<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Goals<\/td><td>What do we want to achieve, and by when?<\/td><td>Three to five SMART goals<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Initiatives<\/td><td>What will we do to achieve each goal?<\/td><td>Table: owner, budget, date<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Indicators<\/td><td>How do we know we are progressing?<\/td><td>Indicator, target and measurement frequency<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Risks and assumptions<\/td><td>What could bring down the plan?<\/td><td>Brief list with an action for each risk<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>What we will not do<\/td><td>What have we decided to give up?<\/td><td>Explicit list<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<h2 id=\"en-example\">An illustrative example<\/h2>\n<p>The following example is hypothetical, to illustrate the wording, and its figures are not real data from any organization. It assumes a training center in Cairo that depends on a small number of corporate contracts.<\/p>\n<table><thead><tr><th>Element<\/th><th>Wording in the example<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Diagnosis<\/td><td>70% of revenue comes from four corporate contracts, and losing even one contract cuts revenue sharply.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Goal<\/td><td>Reduce the share of the four largest customers from 70% to 50% of revenue within 24 months.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Initiative 1<\/td><td>Launch two public programs for individuals by the third quarter of the first year. Owner: programs manager.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Initiative 2<\/td><td>Build a list of 30 target corporate clients and visit 10 of them each month. Owner: sales manager.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Indicators<\/td><td>Revenue concentration ratio (monthly), number of active customers, and conversion rate of opportunities into contracts (quarterly).<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>What we will not do<\/td><td>No expansion into specialized technical programs outside the current trainers&#8217; expertise.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n<h2 id=\"en-mistakes\">Common mistakes in preparing the plan<\/h2>\n<ul><li><strong>Goals without indicators:<\/strong> a goal such as &#8220;improve customer satisfaction&#8221; cannot be judged as achieved until the measure and the target are set.<\/li><li><strong>Initiatives without an owner:<\/strong> an initiative that everyone shares is one that nobody answers for.<\/li><li><strong>A plan separate from the budget:<\/strong> initiatives remain wishes until they are funded.<\/li><li><strong>Too many priorities:<\/strong> many goals scatter resources; the remedy is to cut the number to what fits the team&#8217;s capacity.<\/li><li><strong>No review:<\/strong> a plan with no review date becomes an archival document.<\/li><\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"en-conclusion\">Conclusion and recommendations<\/h2>\n<p>An effective strategic plan is a short document that brings together a diagnosis, a few measurable goals, and initiatives with an owner, a budget and a review date. For those starting to prepare one:<\/p>\n<ol><li>Start with a one-page diagnosis before writing any goal.<\/li><li>Write three to five goals using the SMART standard.<\/li><li>Assign each initiative to one owner and a budget.<\/li><li>Record what you decided not to do.<\/li><li>Fix the review dates before approving the plan.<\/li><\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"en-faq\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n<h3>What is a suitable length for a strategic plan?<\/h3>\n<p>There is no single correct duration. Organizations usually adopt a horizon of three to five years, with an annual operating plan that details the initiatives and the budget. The more volatile the sector, the shorter the horizon and the more frequent the review.<\/p>\n<h3>Who takes part in preparing the plan?<\/h3>\n<p>Senior management and the heads of the main departments, and it is preferable to involve those who will carry out the initiatives in drafting them. In a small organization a committee of three to five people is enough.<\/p>\n<h3>What is the difference between SMART goals and OKR goals?<\/h3>\n<p>SMART is a standard for wording a single goal clearly. OKR is a framework that links an ambitious goal to measurable key results, usually reviewed every quarter. They can be used together: SMART for wording the strategic goals, and OKR for detailing them in short cycles.<\/p>\n<h3>When should we adjust the plan?<\/h3>\n<p>When the assumptions on which it was built change, such as losing a major customer, a new competitor entering, or a regulatory change. A stumble in execution alone calls for addressing its causes before adjusting the goals.<\/p>\n<h2>Putting it into practice<\/h2>\n<p>MTMS Global offers <a href=\"https:\/\/mtms.com.eg\/index.php\/consulting\/\">consulting services<\/a> for preparing strategic plans and linking them to performance indicators, and <a href=\"https:\/\/mtms.com.eg\/index.php\/training\/\">training programs<\/a> for management teams. To go deeper on the execution side, see our article <a href=\"https:\/\/mtms.com.eg\/index.php\/2026\/10\/27\/professional-project-management\/\">Project management: stages, knowledge areas and causes of failure<\/a> (Arabic). You can also <a href=\"https:\/\/mtms.com.eg\/index.php\/contact-us\/\">contact us<\/a> to discuss your organization&#8217;s needs.<\/p>\n<div id=\"en-refs\" class=\"mtms-refs\"><h2>References<\/h2><p>Doerr, J. (2018). <em>Measure what matters: How Google, Bono, and the Gates Foundation rock the world with OKRs<\/em>. Portfolio\/Penguin.<\/p><p>Doran, G. T. (1981). There&#8217;s a S.M.A.R.T. way to write management&#8217;s goals and objectives. <em>Management Review, 70<\/em>(11), 35\u201336.<\/p><p>Kaplan, R. S., &amp; Norton, D. P. (1996). Using the balanced scorecard as a strategic management system. <em>Harvard Business Review, 74<\/em>(1), 75\u201385.<\/p><p>Locke, E. A., &amp; Latham, G. P. (2002). Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: A 35-year odyssey. <em>American Psychologist, 57<\/em>(9), 705\u2013717.<\/p><p>Mintzberg, H. (1994). <em>The rise and fall of strategic planning<\/em>. Free Press.<\/p><p>Porter, M. E. (1996). What is strategy? <em>Harvard Business Review, 74<\/em>(6), 61\u201378.<\/p><p>Rumelt, R. P. (2011). <em>Good strategy\/bad strategy: The difference and why it matters<\/em>. Crown Business.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"mtms-author\"><strong>About MTMS Global:<\/strong> a Cairo-based management training and consulting company serving organizations in Egypt and the Gulf. 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